A Thermo-Fluid-Solid Model Thermal Damage Prediction in Laser Ablation Therapy.
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Abstract
<h4>Background</h4>Precise temperature control is critical for safe, effective laser ablation in minimally invasive tumour treatment, but current models lack full understanding of multi-physics coupling during the process.<h4>Methods</h4>Using poroelastic theory, we developed a fully coupled optical-thermal-fluid-solid model for high-fidelity temperature prediction to optimise surgical protocols. Ex vivo experiments in pork tissue with precise needle positioning and multi-point temperature measurements validated the model.<h4>Results</h4>Simulations showed thermal expansion in elastic tissues induces fluid backflow to the heating zone (thermal focussing). A smaller beam waist enhances optical penetration, while higher porosity reduces peak temperature and promotes diffusion. Validation yielded a maximum prediction error ≤ 1.73°C.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study provides a theoretical basis for precise temperature control and tissue damage prediction in laser therapy, with particular relevance to prostate tumour treatment.
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